Chicago’s Riverwalk Bridges
State Street Bridge raised to allow boats to pass.
Photo courtesy JeremyA and CC BY-SA 3.0.
Chicago is not just home to many of the world’s earliest skyscrapers, it is also a city of bridges.
Next time you cross the river along Michigan Avenue, State Street, Wells Street or Wabash Avenue, look down. You’re walking on one of five different types of movable bridges found in Chicago. There’s a total of 37 movable bridges within the city limits.
The Chicago River is a system of rivers and canals with a combined length of 156 miles that runs through the city of Chicago, including its center, the Chicago Loop. Though not especially long, the river is notable because it is one of the reasons for Chicago’s geographic importance: the related Chicago Portage is a link between the Great Lakes and the Mississippi River Basin, and ultimately the Gulf of Mexico.
Michigan Avenue Bridge, photo courtesy La Sequencia and CC BY 2.0.
Chicago River Movable Bridges
The bridges across the downtown stretch of the Chicago River, between Michigan Avenue and Orleans Street, are some of the most iconic. It’s what comes to mind when you think of Chicago bridges. Most of these bridges are more than 90 years old, except for the Dearborn Street bridge which was constructed in 1962.
The first trunnion bascule bridge in the country opened in 1902 over the north branch of the Chicago River at Cortland Street. Translated from French, “trunnion” means “pivot point” and “bascule” means “seesaw”. Also known as the “Chicago Style”, the bridge’s leaves are suspended on axles (trunnions), with massive concrete counterweights located below the bridge.
Wells Street Bridge 'L' train. Photo courtesy Daniel Schwen & CC BY-SA 4.0.
What’s especially noteworthy are the bridge-tender towers at each end which have designs that incorporate Art Deco, Beaux-Arts and Modernism styles.
One of the most well-known is the DuSable Bridge (formerly the Michigan Avenue Bridge). It is a bascule bridge that carries Michigan Avenue across the main stem of the Chicago River in downtown Chicago. The bridge was proposed in the early 20th century as part of a plan to link Chicago’s South Side and North Side parks with a grand boulevard. Construction of the bridge started in 1918, it opened to traffic in 1920, and decorative work was completed in 1928.
Rush Street Bridge. Photo courtesy Joe Jensen and Pixels.
Chicago River at night. Photo courtesy Leon Macapagal and Pixels.
Chicago’s Riverwalk Bridges. Photo courtesy Tobias Brunner from Pixabay.
The Kinzie Street Bridge is a single-leaf bascule bridge built in 1909 that spans the Chicago River.
The Van Buren Street Bridge is a bascule bridge that spans the river. It is the sixth bridge at this location and carrying this name, and was completed in 1956. It replaced an 1895 Rolling Lift-type bascule bridge.
The Bataan-Corregidor Memorial Bridge (aka the State Street Bridge), is a double-leaf bascule span opened for river traffic.
The Monroe Street Bridge. Photo courtesy CC BY-SA 4.0.
Chicago River Bridges. Photo courtesy Taylor Hunt and Pixels.
At the beginning and end of each boating season, every downtown bridge is lifted, to allow people to bring their high-masted boats to and from Lake Michigan. Today the bridges only open on a predetermined schedule. In the past century, they used to open whenever a boat needed to pass, causing massive disruption to both foot and vehicular traffic.